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• 入力軸迴轉數與出力軸迴數

以皮帶或聯軸器傳動時，最高入力轉速盡量不要超過2000RPM，一般使用約600-1800RPM及可，轉速太高時容易使軸承因高速的磨擦而縮短壽命；轉速過低時可能導致潤滑不足或效率降低。

出力軸回轉數= 入力軸回轉數*減速比

如特別低速回轉時，效率及扭力均會降低，並且使軸承給油較為困難。

減速比=出力軸回轉數/入力軸回轉數

  

Revolutions of input shaft and output shaft

With belt-pulley or coupled shaft transmission, the highest input speed should not exceed 2000RPM; the general range is 600-1800RPM. If the revolving speed is too high, the bearing will have less life due to over-friction; the lowest lubrication or efficiency will be reduced. Please specify either high or low speed.

 

Output shaft revolution = input shaft revolution * reduction ratio

In case of any revolution of especially low speed, both the efficiency and torque will be lessened; further, it may be harder to provide oil on the bearing. Be careful to select the mode number and lubricant oil.

Reduction ratio = output shaft revolution / input shaft revolution

   

•   回轉方向與軸方向

蝸輪減速機之出力軸回轉方向取決於蝸桿旋牙方向，TPG阪神所有產品皆使用右旋牙。入力軸為順時針方向時，出力軸則為反時針方向。但雙段蝸輪減速機其入力軸與出力軸之回轉向向為同一方向。

Revolving direction and shaft direction

The revolving direction of output shaft relies on worm thread’s direction; right-directed thread is for common use except for special conditions. When input shaft is in clockwise, output shaft is in counterclockwise; pay attention to two-stage worm reducer, the revolving direction of input and output shaft is the same. As a worm reducer has various shaft directions, be sure to see the user’s manual titled “choice the shaft directions”. For any not specified, refer the right shaft as the standard.

• 效率

由於減速機內部磨擦的損失，部份能量將轉為熱能消失。

  

效率=出力軸馬力/入力軸馬力*100%

  

蝸輪減速機之效率取決於蝸輪之前進角、週速度、潤滑油、軸承的磨擦及材質的磨擦系數等。下表為效率之大約值，請參考。

Efficiency

Due to the internal fabrication wear, partial energy will be transformed to be heat energy and fade away. As the appendix shown in this catalog.

  

Efficiency=output shaft HP/input shaft HP*100%

The efficiency of the worm reducer depends on worm’s advancing angle, periodical speed, lubricant oil, bearing friction and materials friction factor. For the approximated value of efficiency, please see the right table.

  

• 馬力

  

馬力是一種動力的單位，由三個要素所組成。

距離（公尺m或公分cm）………..S

重力（公斤KG公克）…………………P

時間（秒Sec） HP=(P*S)/75

所謂一馬力就是在一秒的時間將75KG的重物移動一公尺的距離。

所以1馬力=75KG-M/Sec。

一馬力之減速機可拖多大的力量？

若要知一已知馬力之馬達其所拖多大之力量時，必定要知道被拖之機器的速度。

一馬力之馬達在每秒1M的速度下可拖動75KG的力量，因馬達須經過減速機及其他傳動機構，故實際傳動機器之馬力不足1HP，所以1HP之馬力在1M之速度下，所能拖動之力量，當在75KG以下，其視機械效率而定。

如為1HP之馬達在拖動每秒2M之速度的機器時，則可拖動75/2=37.5KG之力量，在每秒1/2M之速度時，則可拖動75/(1/2)=150KG之力量（機械效率為計算在內）其他各種場合可依此推算出。

Horse power

Of the machine to be pulled. 1HP motor is able to pull 75kg in a second 1M. as the motor should pass through the reducer and other transmission mechanism, 1HP is not enough. So the power 1HP motor can pull should be under 75kg per the speed of 1M, depending on the mechanical efficiency. When 1HP motor pulls the machine with the speed of 2M per second, the pulling power is 75/2=37.5kg; with the speed of 1/2M per second, the pulling power is 75/(1/2)=150kg (the mechanical efficiency is not taken into account). For other events, this formula is applicable. Each reducer should adopt suitable HP, please see the table below.

速比	效率%
Ratio	Efficieny %
1/10	82~85%
1/20	78~82%
1/30	73~76%
1/40	69~74%
1/50	67~72%
1/60	65~70%
1/80	55~60%
1/100	45~50%

 

• 使用系數

  

一般減速機之傳達容量及強度計算係依照每日八小時連續運轉與均一負荷的理想下設計，因實際使用的情況不同在瞭解現場使用情況如：是否有反覆起動，停止或正轉、逆轉，使用的時間、衝擊荷重等必須將使用係數計算在內，依適當的荷重係數來選擇適當的減速機型號，以免誤用過大或過小的減速機。

Coefficient

For general reducers, the transmitted capacity and intensity are calculated per a continual operation of 8 hour a day and per the ideal conditions of a unified load design. However, for on-site use, it should take such factors into account as: repetitive start-up, impact load and the like. Select an appropriate reducer model according to the load coefficient lest improper event should occur.

原動機 Prime Move	傳動機負荷等級 Driven machine Load Classification	每日使用時間 Duration of Service per day
		0.5hr	2hr	8-10hr	10-24hr
電動機 Electric Motor	均一負荷 Uniform	0.80	0.90	1.00	1.25
	中衝擊 Medium Shock	0.9	1.00	1.25	1.50
	重衝擊 Heavy Shock	1.00	1.25	1.50	1.75

*正轉逆轉、起動或停止，一小時內達10次以上時，需將表上的值乘以1.2。 

For any obverse rotation/ reverse rotation or start-up/ stop to happen more than 10 times in one hour, multiply the values (listed in the right table) by 1.2.

•  懸重荷重

懸重荷重為減速機出力軸，軸端所承受的力量。容許懸掛荷重並非表示減速機不可拖動多大的力量，而只是減速機之使用情況之選擇的依據。

各型減速機在各種使用場合下，皆有一定之容許轉矩。

T=F*R 即轉矩=力量*力量施力線到旋轉中心之垂直距離。

式中之F與容許懸掛荷重有直接關係。

當出力軸裝置鏈輪時，F之最大容許值即為容許懸掛荷重，如在出力軸裝置齒輪，則F之最大容許值為容許懸掛荷重的0.8倍，或容許懸掛荷重除以1.25倍（此1.25倍之數值即為懸掛荷重係數）。

當一減速機出力軸所裝之鏈輪或齒輪所受的拉力已計算出（鏈輪之容許拉力值即為容許縣掛荷重，而齒輪之最大容許拉力值即為容許懸掛荷重的80%）。

依T=F*R R<=T/F…R為鏈輪或齒輪之節圓半徑，T為容許出力轉矩F為容許懸掛荷重。

總之，當依減速機在使用時期出力之承受轉矩與懸掛荷重，一定在容許值以下，為其中之一大於容許值時，則須重新設計傳動機構或將減速機之型號改大。當成受荷重超過懸掛荷重時，出力軸在使用過一段時間後會折斷。

Revolutions of input shaft and output shaft:

O.H.L. stands for the force accepted from the out put shaft end of the speed reducer. The allowed O.H.L. is not the dragging limit which the speed reducer can manage; it is only the optimonal reference which may be based for reducer use.
Every type of reducers has a rotating allowed torque under different circumstances.

T=F*R (i.e. torque=force* the perpendicular)  

In this formula, F is directly related to the allowed O.H.L.; if the output shaft connects with gear, the maximum allowed F-value=O.H.L.*0.8 (or O.H.L. /1.25; the coefficient of O.H.L. is 1.25).
The pulling force accepted from the chain pulley or gear which is attached to the output shaft of the reducer is calculated (the allowed pulling force equals to 80% of the allowed O.H.L.) by T=F*R R<T/F (R stands for pitch radius of the chain pulley or gear; T stands for the allowed output torque; F stands for the allowed O.H.L.). To sum up, when the reducer is in operation, it's output loss torque and O.H.L. have to be limited below the allowed value; when either output load torque or O.H.L. is above the allowed value, it needs to re-design the transmission mechanism or to change larger model number of the reducer. When the load torque exceeds th allowed value, eitherthe reducer will be over=heated or the worm gear be over worn out the shaft be broken.